Virtual Dissection

Advances in tomographic imaging and computerized three-dimensional visualization enable a new array of possibilities to extend these heuristic practices. In this context, »Virtual Dissection« is concerned with the potential utility of virtual reality and computer haptics as a means of enhancing digital cutting processes through material guidance. In this experimental setting, three-dimensional tomographic imaging data, acting as a digital replica of matter, is immersively visualized in virtual reality, while algorithms translate voxel radiodensity into force feedback that communicates the material properties of probed data. Novel interaction metaphors enable users to simultaneously manipulate tomographic data and discover its embedded structures. By transforming standard scientific visualization into visuohaptic data exploration, the project aims to convey tactile and kinesthetic properties that previously could only be experienced through the destructive processing of physical matter. Such information might augment the perception and understanding of structures depicted in the data, which could greatly help to plan and rehearse sensitive dissection procedures.

As humans integrate visual and haptic information in an optimal fashion, Virtual Dissection investigates the potential of visuohaptic interaction to enhance mental representations of structures represented in tomographic data. The project's initial use case is digital fossil preparation, a virtual paleontology activity that enables the non-destructive processing of biological specimens for research and presentation purposes. Digital preparation heavily relies on image segmentation, namely the process of identifying image segments to form intelligible representations of tomographic data. This process currently requires significant manual labor, which is hindered by standard two-dimensional interaction tools. By furthering the understanding of the effects of computer haptics on the emergence of mental images, advancing the presentation of voxel data, and creating novel interactive segmentation tools, »Virtual Dissection« seeks to transcend its use case and benefit tomographic imaging practitioners across numerous disciplines. Manipulating material datasets using visual and haptic feedback in a virtual working environment can potentially transform the way scientists explore data, experience information, and share their perspectives. By extending the activities of cutting – and segmenting – as hands-on approaches to thinking, we strive to bring dissection – classic analog craftsmanship – into the digital age.